Therapy studies diseases of oral cavity and the ways of treatment of these diseases. The most frequent diseases are caries, pulpitis, parodontitis.
Caries treatment.
Caries is a disease characterized by a progressive destruction of hard tooth tissues dental enamel and dentin under impact of acids which are products of life activity of oral cavity microorganisms.
Enamel.
The greatest part of the visible tooth surface is covered with enamel. Enamel is the hardest substance contained in the human body. 95% of enamel are minerals.
Dentin
Enamel covers only that part of the teeth which is located over the gum level. The other part of the teeth, both the root and the inner part, is made of other material containing calcium; this material is called “dentin”. Dentin contains not more than two thirds of minerals, so it can be conventionally said that dentin is “softer” than enamel.
Pulp
is a tissue complex in structure and is dappled by many blood vessels and nervous fibers. Pulp itself is located in the pulp chamber and the root canal. The main purpose of the pulp is providing the tooth with mineral substances, vitamins, i.e., feeding of the tooth. Nervous endings are responsible for perception of various external cues, including pain sensitive ones.
Front teeth caries.
Teeth resistance is predetermined by enamel structure which depends on conditions of teeth formation, from the state of oral cavity hygiene, nutrition peculiarities, as well as on the state of local immunity of oral cavity.
Caries process has certain development stages (velocity of moving from one stage into the next one can differ with different people):
1. Initial caries (caries as a stain)
2. Enamel caries
3. Dentin caries
If enamel and dentin caries remain uncured, infection penetrates into the pulp from the caries cavity, the inner tooth cavity is affected, and now we deal with caries complications (pulpitis or periodontitis).
Our recommendations:
At initial stages, caries development goes without symptoms, only when the pathological process approaches the tooth pulp, there may happen short-time painful feeling when taking in sweet or cold food.
A dentist can detect a caries affection at the earliest stage. The modern treatment of uncomplicated caries saves your time (treatment takes only one visit), money (it costs 3 - 5 times less than treatment of complicated caries), and will keep you healthy!
Therefore, we recommend to visit a dental therapist twice a year for preventive examination, caries treatment, and also for polishing of existing photopolymer restoration.
Specific approaches we handle:
Tooth isolation using cofferdam
In our clinic, we use anesthetics (analgesic drugs) of the latest generation, an anesthetic is chosen strictly individually, as well as its doses for each patient depending on age, weight, parameters of the overall state of the organism.
Patient is treated in a comfortable lying position, and the patient does not need to spit, since an assistant is removing saliva with a special aspirator.
Caries cavity is treated under obligatory monitoring of a caries-marker which is a special dye which colours only caries-affected tooth tissues which makes it possible to remove all infected tissues (not affecting healthy tissues) and to avoid future relapse.
Aesthetical Dentistry
Ceramic veneers at the front teeth.
Ceramic veneers is something, upon which the notion of “Hollywood Smile” is based.
In which cases veneers are used?
If your teeth are far from being perfect in form or do not meet your requirements.
If you hide your teeth because of many fillings of different colors or because of an injured (broken) tooth.
Deterioration of the tooth esthetics, for example, because of change in its color.
To mask a gap between teeth which often grows with age (diasthema).
If one or several teeth are wrongly positioned – either crookedly or tightly.
Technology of Replacement of the Surface Layer of the Front Teeth
The First Visit:
1. Anesthesia
2. Polishing 0.7 – 0.9 mm thick surface layer away.
3. Cast
4. Manufacturing and sticking a temporary veneer on (cosmetic concealment of the defect while the permanent construction is being manufactured).
The second visit:
1. Anesthesia
2. Removal of the temporary veneer
3. Fixation of a permanent ceramic veneer
This procedure is carried out without special teeth depulpation (without removal of pulp - tooth’s soft tissues), it takes little time, but requires special technology and high qualification of the dentist and the technician. The durability of such cosmetic restoration is not time-limited, neither is it for any other ceramic or metal-ceramic construction.
A problem may occur only in case of wrong operation of the item (single impacts with a metal item, e.g., with a spoon).
With age, gum recession takes place and the tooth root becomes exposed, therefore it may be necessary to carry out the second cosmetic intervention because of changed interrelations between the tooth’s hard tissues, the bone and the soft tissues around the tooth. This problem can arise in 8 – 10 years.
The main contra-indication for manufacturing of ceramic veneers is vast caries damage of the tooth. In such cases, it is reasonable to manufacture a non-metal or metal-ceramic corona. The construction is assured to be durable.
The advantage of ceramic veneers, as compared to composite ones, is high esthetics, good hygiene and durability.
